Geoscience
Geologists study rock formations and their history; geophysicists use seismic information to interpret structures beneath the surface.
Petroleum & energy / Exploration
From beneath the surface, a clearer picture.
Explore how geoscience, appraisal and engineering help transform subsurface information into development decisions.
Explore the topicIn perspective
Understanding comes before development.
The subsurface cannot be observed directly. Geological interpretation, seismic information and well data help teams develop and test an understanding of the formations that may contain oil and natural gas.
Key disciplines
Understanding the work.
Explore the disciplines and decisions that shape this part of the energy system.
Exploration wells
A well provides direct information about formations and can determine whether hydrocarbons are present at a location.
Appraisal
Further evaluation can reduce uncertainty about the size and characteristics of a discovery before development decisions.
Development planning
Engineering brings together well design, facilities, operating requirements and risk assessment.
Closer look
Information becomes a sequence of decisions.
The path from an initial geological interpretation to production involves different questions at each stage. The evidence and appropriate controls depend on the particular resource and project.
- MapBuild an understanding of formations using available geological and geophysical information.
- TestUse exploration and appraisal data to examine the interpretation.
- PlanEvaluate options for wells, facilities and operations before committing to development.
In context
Questions worth asking.
Explore the practical concepts behind the work.
What is seismic information?
Seismic surveys use reflected energy to help interpret subsurface layers. The resulting image is interpreted alongside other geological and well information.
What is the difference between exploration and appraisal?
Exploration investigates whether hydrocarbons are present; appraisal seeks additional information about a discovery and its characteristics.
Does a discovery always become a project?
No. Technical, commercial, safety and other considerations all affect whether a discovery proceeds to development.
Further reading
Go deeper.
Explore technical background from independent public sources.